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UEU » Master Theses » Magister Administrasi Publik Posted by [email protected] at 13/12/2014 11:33:07 • 3302 Views
NECK PAIN IN
AIR FORCE PILOTS
ON RISK FACTORS,
NECK MOTOR FUNCTION AND
AN EXERCISE INTERVENTIONCreated by :
Bj�rn �ng ( 31 )
Subject: | NECK PAIN IN
AIR FORCE PILOTS
On Risk Factors
Neck Motor Function and
an Exercise Intervention | Alt. Subject : | NECK PAIN IN
AIR FORCE PILOTS
On Risk Factors
Neck Motor Function and
an Exercise Intervention | Keyword: | biomechanics cervical pain electromyography military pilots movement quality
muscle fatigue muscle strength neuromuscular physiotherapy range of motion |
Description:
Neck pain is a medical problem in modern military aviation. While neck exercises are
recommended, clinical trials of neck motor function have been less investigated. The aims of the
work presented in this thesis were to estimate potential flight-related and individual factors
involved in helicopter pilots� neck pain, to explore neck motor function in fighter pilots and
helicopter pilots with different progression of neck pain and to evaluate the effect of an early
neck/shoulder exercise intervention for neck pain in helicopter pilots.
The subjects were volunteers recruited consecutively as the pilots reported to the Swedish
Armed Forces Aeromedical Center for regular medical examinations (papers I and II) and from
two operational air force helicopter bases in Sweden (papers III and IV). A survey estimated the
prevalence of, and potential flight-related and individual risk indicators for, neck pain in helicopter
pilots (paper I, N = 127). Experimental measures of neck motor function included neck extensor
and flexor muscle strength, and electromyography (EMG) frequency parameters in extensors and
sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles with the subject seated during sustained contraction against
stipulated loads representing 50% of maximal strength (paper II, N = 60). EMG frequency
parameters were also obtained for SCM in supine position against the weight of the head. Further,
EMG activity in SCM during staged active craniocervical flexion when supine, as well as neck
range of motion when seated, were assessed. Fear-avoidance beliefs about physical activity were
rated (paper III, N = 72). A controlled trial evaluated a six-week, supervised, neck/shoulder
exercise intervention. Intervention members and untreated controls were followed regarding the
number of neck pain cases (defined as reported neck pain during the previous three months), SCM
activity and rated fear-avoidance beliefs (paper IV, N = 68).
The results showed the three-month prevalence of neck pain to be 57%. Previous neck pain
and shoulder pain were associated risk factors, while use of helmet-mounted night-vision goggles
indicated a risk. About half the neck pain cases reported that their pain occasionally interfered
with flying duty and leisure, while only 25% had ever been on sick-leave related to neck pain.
Experimental findings showed that fighter pilots with frequent pain had lower neck extensor
strength than their pain-free controls, while no such differences were found for helicopter pilots.
In seated position, EMG frequency shifts were less in SCM for helicopter pilots with frequent
pain, while no significant effect emerged for helicopter pilots in supine. Helicopter pilots with
acute ongoing pain as well as subacute pain had higher SCM activity during active craniocervical
flexion than pain-free controls did, while the acute group, solely, had less range of motion and
rated higher fear-avoidance beliefs than controls. A logistic regression entering EMG variables,
range of motion and fear-avoidance suggested that SCM activity was the strongest predictor of
neck pain. In the clinical trial, SCM activity at the highest contraction level of active
craniocervical flexion was reduced in intervention members post-intervention while no betweengroup
effect emerged for fear-avoidance beliefs. At a 12-month follow-up, the results indicated a
reduction in number of neck pain cases among subjects allocated to the intervention.
In conclusion, neck pain is common in air force helicopter pilots, and preventive action
aiming to reduce the risk of a first neck pain episode seems important. In air force pilots,
screenings of neck extensor strength and surface neck flexor activity appeared to be relevant
measures of neck motor function for clinical understanding of pilots� neck pain, but should be
understood in the context of pilots� specific exposure. A supervised neck/shoulder exercise
intervention improved neck motor function to some extent and had a positive early preventive
effect over a 12-month period in reducing the occurrence of neck pain in air force pilots.
Date Create | : | 13/12/2014 | Type | : | Text | Format | : | pdf | Language | : | Indonesian | Identifier | : | UEU-Master-undergraduate_31 | Collection ID | : | undergraduate_31 | Call Number | : | 751 BAn |
Source : magister these management of faculty
Relation Collection: Universitas Esa Unggul
Coverage : Civitas Akademika Universitas Esa Unggul
Rights : copyright2014_Library@esaunggul
Publication URL : https://digilib.esaunggul.ac.id/neck-pain-inair-force-pilotson-risk-factorsneck-motor-function-andan-exercise-intervention-4172.html
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