PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, PERILAKU, DAN ASUPAN GIZI BERDASARKAN STATUS HIDRASI IBU HAMIL

Latar belakang: Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya, 49% ibu hamil memiliki pengetahuan gizi dan hidrasi yang rendah. Pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku gizi berhubungan positif dengan asupan gizi. Malnutrisi dan dehidrasi dapat mengganggu kesehatan ibu hamil dan output kehamilan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku, dan asupan gizi berdasarkan status hidrasi ibu hamil. Metode: Penelitian cross sectional ini dilaksanakan di Puskesmas Kecamatan Kebon Jeruk, Jakarta Barat menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Subjek merupakan ibu hamil yang datang memeriksakan kehamilan di wilayah penelitian berjumlah 50 orang. Karakteristik subjek, pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku gizi diambil dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Recall 1x24 jam digunakan untuk melihat asupan gizi makro dan cairan. Kadar Hb ditentukan dengan Haemometer, berat jenis urin dengan Urinometer, dan warna urin dengan kartu PURI. Hasil: Mayoritas subjek berusia 29,0�5,7 tahun; usia kehamilan 21,3�11,3 minggu; berat badan 62,7�9 kg; tinggi badan 158,1�4,1 cm; LILA 32,4�29,5 cm; kadar Hb 12,2�0,9 g/dL; skor warna urin 4�0,9; dan berat jenis urin 1.016�5,4. Berdasarkan berat jenis urin, sebanyak 56% ibu hamil berstatus hidrasi normal dan 44% dehidrasi. Tidak ada perbedaan pada pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku, dan asupan gizi makro (p≥0,05), kecuali pada asupan cairan (p<0,05). Simpulan: Meskipun pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku gizi ibu hamil tergolong cukup dan baik, masih diperlukan pengoptimalan konsumsi cairan agar mencapai 3 L/hari dan konsumsi makanan beragam. Penelitian lanjutan mengenai faktor eksternal yang dapat mempengaruhi status gizi dan hidrasi ibu hamil juga perlu dilakukan


Alt. Description

Background: Based on past study, 49% of pregnant women had a low knowledge of nutrition and hydration. Nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and behavior is positively correlated to nutritional intake, malnutrition and dehydration may disturb maternal health and pregnancy outcome. Objectives: To analyze maternal nutritional knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and nutritional intake based on the hydration status. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Puskesmas Kebon Jeruk District, West Jakarta using a purposive sampling method. Subjects were 50 pregnant women who came to check their pregnancies. Subject�s characteristics, nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and behavior are collected with questionnaire, nutritional intake with 1x24 hours recall. Hb level is determined with Haemometer, urine specific gravity with Urinometer, and urine color with PURI card. Results: Subjects had an average age of 29.0�5.7 years, gestational age 21.3�11.3 weeks, weight 62.7�9 kg, height 158.1�4.1 cm, upper arm circumference 32.4�29.5 cm, Hb level 12.2�0.9 g/dL, urine color score 4�0.9, and urine specific gravity 1016�5.4. Based on urine specific gravity, 56% of pregnant woman were euhydrated and 44% were dehydrated. Based on the hydration status there were no differences in knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and macronutrient intake (p≥0.05), except for the fluid intake (p<0.05). Conclusions: Although the knowledge, attitudes and nutritional behavior of pregnant women were not poor, optimization of the fluid consumption to 3L/ day, and diversified food consumption is needed. Further research on external factors that can affect the nutritional status and hydration of pregnant women is recommended.

1.  UEU-Journal-19333-11_0973.pdf - 617 KB

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